Unix Tipz & Tricz

Solaris LDOM Virtualization

2010-02-22T18:09:00.012+05:30

I have created LDOM on Sun Blade T6320 server using the below given procudure. Please use this as a beginners guide for your LDOM creation. Refer Sun online documentation on LDOM for more information on this. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sun Logical Domains or LDoms is a full virtual machine that runs an independent operating system

Volume Layouts in VxVM...

2009-02-08T17:11:00.003+05:30

Non Layered Volumes In a non-layered volume, a subdisk is restricted to mapping directly to a VM disk Layered Volumes A layered volume is a virtual Veritas Volume Manager object that is built on top of other volumes by mapping its subdisks to underlying volumes. Hence it is called ‘volume on volume’. Volume layouts supported in VxVM Concatenation Concatenation maps data in a

Changing Nodename in HP-UX

2009-02-08T17:11:00.001+05:30

Below are the steps to change the nodename in HP-UX: HP-UX ap21cnedc101 # uname -a HP-UX ap21cned B.11.23 U ia64 2222362797 unlimited-user license HP-UX ap21cnedc101 # kctune expanded_node_host_names=1 WARNING: The automatic 'backup' configuration currently contains the configuration that was in use before the last reboot of this system. ==> Do you wish to update

Auditing Users in HP-UX 11.31

2009-02-08T17:10:00.005+05:30

Auditing Users By default, when system auditing is on, the audit status for all users is on. New users added to the system are automatically audited. You can monitor what users are doing on HP-UX systems using the auditing. To change which users are audited, choose one of the following options: • Audit all users. By default, audit status for all users is set to on when the audit system is

VERITAS Volume Manager Objects

2009-02-08T17:10:00.003+05:30

VxVM uses two types of objects to handle storage management: physical objects and virtual objects. Physical objects - Physical disks or other hardware which interface with block and raw operating system device. Ex. – Disk and Disk arrays. Virtual objects - VxVM, creates virtual objects called volumes on physical disks. Volumes are logical entity which are accessed by file systems,

VERITAS Volume Manager Daemons

2009-02-08T17:10:00.001+05:30

VxVM relies on the following constantly-running daemons for its operation: ■ vxconfigd—The VxVM configuration daemon maintains disk and group configurations. It communicates configuration changes to the kernel, and modifies configuration information stored on disks. ■ vxiod—VxVM I/O kernel threads provide extended I/O operations. By default, 16 I/O threads are started at boot time,

Converting a nolargefiles HFS file system to largefiles HFS file system in HP-UX.

2009-02-08T17:09:00.005+05:30

Below is the procedure to convert a HFS file system from nolargefiles to largefiles. Difference between nolargefiles and largefiles: A file system which has been created with nolargefiles option is not capable of storing any files which are large than 2 GB. To do so, we need to mention the largefiles option while creating the file system as below: #newfs -F hfs -o largefiles /dev/vg02/

Calculating The Number of Addresses Assigned to a Subnet

2009-02-08T17:09:00.003+05:30

Most office and home networks use networks with 255 IP addresses or less in which the subnet mask starts with the numbers 255.255.255. This is not a pure networking text, so I'll not discuss larger networks because that can become complicated, but in cases where less than 255 IP addresses are required a few apply. There are only seven possible values for the last octet of a subnet mask. These

KUDZU utility in red hat LINUX & Benefits of using Kudzu

2009-02-08T17:09:00.001+05:30

KUDZU utility in red hat LINUX:- Kudzu utility in Red Hat LINUX detects and configures new changed hardware in the system. This hardware probing tool run in a server when we boot the system to configure a new hardware. It then determines if the new hardware is added to/removed from the system by checking the database file /etc/sysconfig/hwconf. If the file exists in the system,

Few hardware related commands in Red Hat LINUX.

2009-02-08T17:08:00.003+05:30

To examine disk information including which hosts are connected to which disk:- [root@aph067a001 ~]# systool -b scsi –v To find the information on SCSI disks connected to the server:- [root@aph067a001 ~]# systool -c scsi_disk –v To find the fibre channel transport information in the server:- [root@aph067a001 ~]# systool -c fc_transport –v To see which fibre Channel

How to check the Kernel bit in a HP server

2009-02-08T17:08:00.001+05:30

As we know, HP-UX 11.xx version allows to run 32 or 64 bit kernel. How to check the Kernel bit in a HP server:- If you do not have the root access, use the below command to know if the server has a 32 or 64 bit kernel. efhsap01 $getconf KERNEL_BITS O/P:- 64 OR efhsap01 $ file /stand/vmunix O/P:- /stand/vmunix: ELF-64 executable object file - PA-RISC 2.0 (LP64

FTP

2009-02-08T17:07:00.003+05:30

in /etc/xinetd.conf file, the Following are the Default options ************************************************************ { instances = 10 log_type = SYSLOG authpriv log_on_success = HOST PID log_on_failure = HOST RECORD } includedir /etc/xinetd.d *********************************************************** One nice Hidden Option is Available. i.e. we can specify "only_from" option which

How to Find Your HP's MAC Address & How to change the time zone on a HP-UX machine

2009-02-08T17:07:00.001+05:30

How to Find Your HP's MAC Address If you want to know the MAC (ethernet address) of your lan card on an HP-UX machine, type: lanscan and this will give you the MAC addresses of all the lan cards installed in the machine. How to change the time zone on a HP-UX machine? Answer: Edit the following files: /etc/src.sh /etc/

Set the Date and Time on Solaris & Get the Host ID Number on Solaris

2009-02-08T17:06:00.005+05:30

Set the Date and Time on Solaris Setting the system date and time is fairly easy on solaris. Because you can easily set the time from the command line, you can set the time on a server remotely. date mmddhhmmyy The date command takes the syntax mmddhhmmyy, or "month day hour minute year". You have to be superuser to set the time. Example: # date 1201010106 Fri Dec 1 01:01:

Recovering Root Password in Solaris!!!

2009-02-08T17:06:00.003+05:30

Load the Solaris cdrom (This does not have to be the same Solaris version as the machine.) Take the machine down to the PROM level – (OK Prompt) # init 0 (or halt) When it comes down to the OK prompt - OK boot cdrom -s When it is back up - # mount /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 /a (your root device/partition) # fsck /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 (optional, if you can't mount disk) # cd /a/etc # TERM

Problems With Linux Finding All of a Machine's RAM

2009-02-08T17:06:00.001+05:30

Quite often we face an issue, where though a server has more RAM present physically, Linux only views a portion of it. On most systems, the reason is that the BIOS has a limit of how much memory it will tell the operating system is present in the machine, even though the motherboard can have more. Common limits seen with this problem are 16M, 32M, 64M, and 128M. To get around this,

Getting the MAC address for network interfaces in HP-UX

2009-02-08T17:05:00.003+05:30

Run lanscan Command: The output will look like as follows: gwh210da # lanscan Hardware Path Station Address Crd In# Hdw State Net-Interface /NamePPA NM ID MAC Type HP-DLPI Support DLPI Mjr# ------------------ -------------------- -------- ------------- ------------------------------------ ------- ----

Adding temporary Swap Space in Linux!!!

2009-02-08T17:05:00.001+05:30

In addition to a swap partition, Linux can also use a swap file. Certain programs can take up huge amounts of virtual memory, requiring the temporary creation of extra space. To install an extra 64 MB of swap space, for example, we can use the following shell commands: # dd if=/dev/zero of=/swap bs=1024 count=65535 # mkswap /swap # swapon /swap The "count =" argument to dd

How to modify the network configuration of a running zone

2009-02-08T17:04:00.002+05:30

The ifconfig command can be used in the global zone to modify a zone's existing network configuration or to add new logical interfaces to a zone. Here is an example that adds, and then deletes a logical interface assigned to a zone: · global# ifconfig bge0 addif 192.168.200.202 zone myzone · global#

10 surprising things about Windows Server 2008 !!!

2009-02-08T17:04:00.001+05:30

Windows Server 2003 felt like a refresh of Windows Server 2000. There were few radical changes, and most of the improvements were fairly under the surface. Windows Server 2008, on the other hand, is a full-size helping of "new and improved." While the overall package is quite good, there are a few surprises, gotchas, and hidden delights you will want to know about before deciding if you will be

How to save the configuration of a zone in a file and use it to create similar zones!!!

2009-01-07T14:05:00.001+05:30

Pleases find the below steps to save the configuration of a zone in a file and use it to create similar zones. Step 1) Become the super-user. Step 2) Print the configuration of the zone to a file. bash-3.00# zonecfg -z myzone1 export > myzone1.config Step 3) Specify that myzone.config be used as the zonecfg command file to recreate similar zones. bash-3.00# zonecfg -z myzone2 -f myzone1.

How Does Ping Really Work? !!! (Missed yesterday)

2009-01-07T13:31:00.004+05:30

Introduction Ping is a basic Internet program that most of us use daily, but did you ever stop to wonder how it really worked. I am guessing that you know basically how the TCP/IP ping utility works. It sends an ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) Echo Request to a specified interface on the network and, in response, it expects to receive an ICMP Echo Reply. By doing this, the program

IPv6 - The Next Generation of Networking !!!

2009-01-07T13:31:00.003+05:30

Introduction IPv4 (or IP, as it is known) is the basis of the TCP/IP communication protocols which are used to transport data, voice and video packets over the Internet. Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is the next generation network protocol which has been standardized to replace the current Internet protocol version 4. It holds great promise to be the backbone of the next generation

Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V RC1 !!!

2009-01-07T13:31:00.001+05:30

Introduction: Administrators want flexibility in allocating computing resources for specific tasks. Virtualization technologies provide this flexibility by decoupling the hardware from the workload being performed. Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V RC1 offers a robust, scalable hypervisor-based virtualization platform allowing enterprises to provision and manage virtual server workloads.

Naan kadavul

2009-01-05T16:40:00.001+05:30

Take a look at this

maximum number of file handles in Linux!!

2009-01-02T14:50:00.001+05:30

There is a maximum limit for number of file descriptors in a Linux box. A file descriptor is a data structure used by a program to get a handle on a file, the most well know being 0,1,2 for standard in, standard out, and standard error. The file-max kernel parameter refers to open file descriptors, and file-nr gives us the current number of open file descriptors. The below command

Migrate Physical to Virtual server or Vice Versa by HP Server Migration Pack.

2009-01-02T14:49:00.002+05:30

Upgrading or replacing your existing server? Implementing virtualization? Migrating P2V (Physical to Virtual) or V2P (Virtual to Physical)? ----- HP makes it easy with HP Server Migration Pack - Universal Edition------ HP Server Migration Pack - Universal Edition provides : - Replicate the server virtually or

Ghosted network adapter issue for windows

2009-01-02T14:49:00.001+05:30

Given below is the solution for Ghosted network adapter issue which sometimes crops with for the following Windows operating systems. • Microsoft Windows 2000 Server • Microsoft Windows 2000 Advanced Server • Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional Edition • Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition (32-

Linux OOM killer (Out of memory)

2008-12-30T15:55:00.001+05:30

OOM is short form for Out of memory. As name suggest it kills process randomly when the size of the data to be copied exceeds the size of physical memory i.e. when out of memory situation occurs OOM kills the lower priority process and frees the memory. It is the job of the Linux 'oom killer' to sacrifice one or more processes in order to free up memory for the system when all else fails

User unknown

2008-12-29T19:13:00.001+05:30

In some cases we face the issues while doing switch user (su) the error messages as “user unknown” will occur on the server even though the user is present in the /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow files. This is due to the lack of setuid permissions on the file /usr/bin/su. Check the permissions and enable the SETUID for the command /usr/bin/su #ls -l /usr/bin/su -r-sr-xr-x 1 root

Finding free space available in a Mirror/Slice !!!

2008-12-28T17:40:00.001+05:30

The following command can be used to find out the free space available in a Slice/Mirror. metarecover -n -v < Slice/Mirror > –p Example: Suppose the slice c1t0d0s6 is of size 40GB, and there are some soft partition exists on the same. So to find out the free space available in the slice, the following command can be used. bash-2.05# metarecover -v -n c1t0d0s6 -p | more Verifying

The /3GB Switch

2008-12-28T17:39:00.003+05:30

By default, Windows can address a total of 4 gigabytes (GB) of virtual address space. By default, 2 GB of this is reserved for the kernel (operating system), and 2 GB is reserved for User mode programs such as Exchange. When we put a /3GB switch into the boot.ini file of the operating system, we reallocate the virtual address space distribution to give User mode programs 3 GB of space and

JASS

2008-12-28T17:39:00.001+05:30

Un-installing JASS Most of us are already aware of the purpose of JASS and its usage. However, just brief it up; The Solaris Security Toolkit, formerly known as the JumpStart Architecture and Security Scripts (JASS) toolkit, provides a simplified, automated, flexible and extensible mechanism to secure and audit the Solaris OS based on proven security best practices and practical

Some Ways of reading file line by line

2008-12-28T17:38:00.001+05:30

1) while_read_LINE () { cat $FILENAME | while read LINE do echo “$LINE” done } 2) function while_read_LINE_bottom { while read LINE do echo “$LINE” done < $FILENAME } 3) function while_line_LINE_bottom { while line LINE do echo $LINE done < $FILENAME } 4) function

New Update in Solaris 10

2008-12-28T17:37:00.003+05:30

ZFS:- ZFS (Zetabyte File System) is a new kind of file system designed by Sun Microsystems for the Solaris Operating System that provides simple administration, transactional semantics, end-to-end data integrity, and immense scalability. ZFS is not an incremental improvement to existing technology; it is a fundamentally new approach to data management. ZFS Features:- Pooled

Solaris File Extension

2008-12-28T17:37:00.001+05:30

Solaris File Type Extension Similar To StarOffice word processor .sdw .doc (msWord) StarOffice spreadsheet .sdc .xls (msExcel) StarOffice presentation .sdd .ppt (msPowerPoint) StarOffice draw .sda .cdr (Corel Draw) Web page

Easily convert man pages to text documents

2008-12-28T17:36:00.001+05:30

Have you ever wanted to convert a man page into a plain text document? We can do this, when we want to share information via an email or other document format. 1) Here's the wrong way to write the man page for the ls command into a text file named ls.bad: man ls > ls.bad This keeps all of the formatting characters in your document, which is generally not what you want.

Monitoring UNIX, Windows via Mobile Phones

2008-12-28T11:45:00.003+05:30

The SCO Group, a provider of UNIX software technology and mobile services, has announced the availability of HipCheck, the latest offering from the company's Me Inc. mobile services division that monitors and manages UNIX and Windows systems through Windows mobile phones. HipCheck combines system monitoring and alerts with secure mobile intervention. HipCheck allows business solution

Adobe Dreamweaver

2008-12-28T11:45:00.001+05:30

Adobe Dreamweaver is a web development application originally created by Macromedia and now owned by Adobe Systems, which acquired Macromedia in 2005. Dreamweaver is available for both Mac and Windows operating systems. Recent versions have incorporated support for web technologies such as CSS, JavaScript, and various server-side scripting languages and frameworks including ASP.NET, ColdFusion

The Top 5 Solaris 10 Security Features You Should Be Using!

2008-12-28T11:44:00.001+05:30

This list is intended to highlight five security controls found in the Solaris 10 OS that will offer the most direct and immediate value to you and your organization. 5. Auditing. Solaris Auditing is a great facility to figure out what is happening on your systems. As a kernel-based facility, it can see and record everything that is happening - which is absolutely critical for

Release history for HP-UX versions.............

2008-12-28T11:43:00.003+05:30

HPUX version Year of release 6.x (1989) 7.x (1990) 8.x (January 1991) 9.x (July 1992–1995) 10.0 (1995) 10.20 (

Web Services in windows 2008 .

2008-12-28T11:43:00.001+05:30

Windows Server 2008 includes improved Web administration, diagnostics, development, and application tools with Internet Information Services 7.0 (IIS 7.0), a major upgrade from IIS 6.0. Windows Server 2008 unifies the Microsoft Web publishing platform, including IIS 7.0, ASP.NET, Windows Communication Foundation, and Windows SharePoint Services. Ø Modular

Security In windows 2008..

2008-12-28T11:42:00.003+05:30

Ø The Windows Server 2008 operating system is hardened, integrates several identity and access technologies, and includes multiple security innovations to more easily deploy a policy-driven network that helps protect your server infrastructure, your data, and your business. Ø Security Configuration Wizard (SCW) helps

Virtualization in Windows server 2008.....

2008-12-28T11:42:00.001+05:30

Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V, the next-generation hypervisor-based server virtualization technology, allows you to consolidate servers and use hardware more efficiently. Several enhancements to Terminal Services (TS) improve presentation virtualization. And simpler licensing terms makes using these technologies more straightforward. · Windows Server 2008

Changing from static to dynamic ip through command line.

2008-12-24T13:55:00.001+05:30

In windows as well, command line can be used to change the IP address configuration mode from either DHCP to static mode or static mode to DHCP, add IP addresses on an interface with static IP address or add default gateways. We can also assign ip, subnet mask, default gateway, default gateway etc. The command is as follows: For dhcp netsh interface ip set address name="Local Area

Windows Server 2008......!!!!

2008-12-23T21:56:00.001+05:30

Windows Server 2008 Overview Windows Server 2008 is the most advanced Windows Server operating system yet, designed to power the next-generation of networks, applications, and Web services. With Windows Server 2008 you can develop, deliver, and manage rich user experiences and applications, provide a highly secure network infrastructure, and increase technological efficiency and value within

New VMware Vmsafe Technology !!!

2008-12-23T21:55:00.002+05:30

New VMware Vmsafe Technology Allows the Virtual Datacenter to Be More Secure Than Physical Environments VMware announced new security technology called VMware VMsafe that protects applications running in virtual machines in ways previously not possible in physical environments. VMsafe provides a unique capability for virtualized environments through an application program interface (API

VMware: Active Directory Authentication with ESX !!!

2008-12-23T21:55:00.001+05:30

Enabling Active Directory Authentication with ESX Server The below document gives information about how to configure ESX Server to use Active Directory for authentication… This applies to VMware Infrastructure ESX 3 http://www.vmware.com/pdf/esx3_esxcfg_auth_tn.pdf

HP Vmware Advisory !!!

2008-12-23T19:47:00.001+05:30

HP Vmware Advisory: Transmit Queue Will Stop Responding on the Adapter on ProLiant DL585 Servers Running VMware ESX Server with One NC7170 Dual Port PCI-X 1000T Gigabit Server Adapter Installed in Slots 3 through 8 (100 MHz Slots), which results NIC stops communicating with the network. Details are in URL for reference: http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bizsupport/TechSupport/Document.jsp?lang=

VMWARE & HP- together !!!! -- Some additions.

2008-12-23T19:46:00.002+05:30

VMware ESX 3i hypervisor: A hypervisor (also: virtual machine monitor) is a virtualization platform that allows multiple operating systems to run on a host computer at the same time. The term usually refers to an implementation using full virtualization. ... VMware ESX 3i hypervisor is based on core VMware virtualization technology. It is an OS-independent virtualization platform. It is

Discontinuance Strategy for HP-UX 11i v1 and v2 !!!!

2008-12-23T19:46:00.001+05:30

Discontinuance Strategy for HP-UX 11i v1 and v2 The following table shows the discontinuance (removal from the Corporate Price List) and obsolescence (end of factory support) dates for current HP-UX 11i releases HP-UX 11i Release Discontinuance Obsolescence

VMWARE & HP- together !!!!

2008-12-23T19:45:00.002+05:30

---------------------------------- VMware (NYSE: VMW) and HP (NYSE: HPQ) today announced VMware’s ultra-thin hypervisor software, VMware ESX 3i, is expected to be broadly integrated and available beginning March 31, 2008, on 10 models of HP ProLiant servers mainly on DL / ML Series. VMware ESX 3i for HP ProLiant features VMware virtualization capabilities with full support for HP System

What is new in Solaris 10 !!!!

2008-12-23T19:45:00.001+05:30

What is new in Solaris 10? 1. ZFS - The Zetabyte File System (ZFS) has finally arrived in Solaris 10. ZFS is both a file system and volume manager in Solaris. Even mirroring process is much quicker in terms of time than SVM. 2. Fault Management - The Solaris Fault Manager is a self-diagnosis feature designed to detect problems before they crash a server. The Fault

SUN Solaris 8 life cycle !!!!

2008-12-23T19:44:00.002+05:30

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Solaris 8 Operating System (OS) was originally released in February 2000, and since then has been superseded by two later releases: the Solaris 9 OS was initially released in May 2002, and the Solaris 10 OS was initially released in January 2005. The current

Features Removed From the Solaris 9 Operating System

2008-12-23T19:44:00.001+05:30

adb(1) Map Modifiers and Watchpoint SyntaxAnswerBook2 Serveraspppd UtilityATOK8 Japanese Input Methodcrash UtilityCrash Dump Options for Solaris ipcs(1) Commandcs00 Japanese Input Methodx86: devconfig Command x86: Device and Driver Software SupportEarly Access (EA) DirectoryEmulex MD21 Disk Controller for ESDI Drivesenable_mixed_bcp Tunablex86: Intel 486-Based Systemsjapanese Locale Name

Using command line in windows to shutdown or log off

2008-12-23T19:28:00.001+05:30

In windows the command line can be used to force a shutdown or log off from the same or remote machines(in some cases). The command line can also be used to call a GUI console for shutdown by using the /I option . The command is as follows E:\>shutdown /? Usage: shutdown [-i | -l | -s | -r | -a] [-f] [-m \\computername] [-t xx] [-c "c omment"] [-d up:xx:yy] No args

Determining if Windows is running 32/64 bit OS

2008-12-22T17:08:00.000+05:30

The below methods can be used to determine if Windows is running 32 or 64 bit OS Windows XP If you have Windows XP, there are two methods to determine whether you are running a 32-bit or a 64-bit version. Method 1: View System Properties in Control Panel 1. Click Start, and then click Run. 2. Type sysdm.cpl, and then click OK. 3. Click the General tab. The operating system

Monitoring UNIX, Windows via Mobile Phones

2008-05-08T10:01:00.001+05:30

The SCO Group, a provider of UNIX software technology and mobile services, has announced the availability of HipCheck, the latest offering from the company's Me Inc. mobile services division that monitors and manages UNIX and Windows systems through Windows mobile phones.HipCheck combines system monitoring and alerts with secure mobile intervention.HipCheck allows business solution providers and

Easily convert man pages to text documents

2008-05-07T08:22:00.000+05:30

Have you ever wanted to convert a man page into a plain text document?We can do this, when we want to share information via an email or other document format.1) Here's the wrong way to write the man page for the ls command into a text file named ls.bad:man ls > ls.badThis keeps all of the formatting characters in your document, which is generally not what you want.2) Here's a better way that

Boot and run Linux from a USB flash memory stick

2008-03-05T21:32:00.000+05:30

http://www.pendrivelinux.com/ Carry a portable Linux version with you on a USB flash pen drive. Bring your portable desktop with you wherever you go.USB Linux installation enables you to install a portable Linux operating system on a flash drive or USB key no larger than your thumb. This portable Linux operating system can then be run from any

First Post of Unix Tricz & Tipz

2008-02-22T15:19:00.000+05:30

Friends, The blog created to share some real time experience of Unix / Linux / Solaris / HP-Unix and all related to Technical queries. We keep posting some interesting tips on Unix and other technologies. For any queries contact Prakash K (bullz26@gmail.com) or Majosh Vas (majoshvaz@gmail.com) will get a resolution with in 24 Hrs